Contents
What are the two types of transcription factors?
There are two mechanistic classes of transcription factors:
- General transcription factors are involved in the formation of a preinitiation complex.
- Upstream transcription factors are proteins that bind somewhere upstream of the initiation site to stimulate or repress transcription.
What is the main difference between general basal and regulatory specific transcription factors?
transcription factors regulate basal genes while regulatory transcription factors control all of the other genes. General transcription factors are essential for any transcription for all genes while regulatory transcription factors regulate transcription of specific genes.
What is the function of specific transcription factors?
Transcription factors are vital molecules in the control of gene expression, directly controling when, where and the degree to which genes are expressed. They bind to specific sequences of DNA and control the transcription of DNA into mRNA.
What is the role of general transcription factors and where do they bind?
What is the role of general transcription factors and where do they bind? They facilitate the binding of the RNA polymerase enzyme that catalyzes DNA transcription. GTF’s bind to the promoter region of the gene. Some can order the chromatin structure to coil up tightly and that makes them unavailable for transcription.
What is the function of general transcription factors quizlet?
General transcription factors bind to specific sites on DNA to activate transcription. They are accessory proteins that assemble directly on the promoter and position RNA polymerase, pull apart the double helix, and launch the RNA polymerase to begin transcription.
What are the general transcription factors in eukaryotes?
The holoenzyme consists of a preformed complex of RNA polymerase II, the general transcription factors TFIIB, TFIIE, TFIIF, and TFIIH, and several other proteins that activate transcription.
What are the general role of transcription factors in regulating gene expression?
Transcription factors are proteins that regulate the transcription of genes—that is, their copying into RNA, on the way to making a protein. Transcription factors help ensure that the right genes are expressed in the right cells of the body, at the right time.
Where do specific transcription factors bind?
Transcription factors are proteins that bind to the upstream regulatory elements of genes in the promoter and enhancer regions of DNA and stimulate or inhibit gene expression and protein synthesis.
What is the role of general transcription factors and where do they bind quizlet?
What is the role of general transcription factors and where do they bind? General transcription factors bind to promoters, They facilitate the binding of RNA polymerase to the start position of a gene.
What is the main difference between general and specific transcription factors quizlet?
General transcription factors are essential for any transcription for all genes while regulatory transcription factors regulate transcription of specific genes. General transcription factors only regulate the housekeeping genes while regulatory transcription factors control all of the other genes.
What is general transcription?
General transcription focuses on all types of transcription except medical transcription. In this field, you may take dictation or transcribe conference calls, workshops, speeches, videos, lectures, phone messages, interviews, videos, or similar audio or video material to transform them into a typed format.
How many general transcription factors are there?
Five general transcription factors are required for initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II in reconstituted in vitro systems (Figure 6.12). The promoters of many genes transcribed by polymerase II contain a sequence similar to TATAA 25 to 30 nucleotides upstream of the transcription start site.
What are some examples of transcription factors?
Many transcription factors, especially some that are proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressors, help regulate the cell cycle and as such determine how large a cell will get and when it can divide into two daughter cells. One example is the Myc oncogene, which has important roles in cell growth and apoptosis.
Where are transcription factors located?
In eukaryotes, transcription factors (like most proteins) are transcribed in the nucleus but are then translated in the cell’s cytoplasm. Many proteins that are active in the nucleus contain nuclear localization signals that direct them to the nucleus.
What direction does transcription move?
Transcription always proceeds in the direction 5′ (5-prime) to 3′ (3-prime) on the coding strand of DNA.
What is basal transcription complex?
The complex composed of RNA polymerase and the general transcription factors bound at the TATA box is called the basal transcription complex. It is the minimum requirement for any gene to be transcribed.