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What does pseudohermaphrodite mean?
Pseudohermaphrodite refers to someone whose external genitalia are not consistent with his or her gonadal sex. A male pseudohermaphrodite, for example, has a 46XY karyotype and testes but has either ambiguous genitalia or a complete female phenotype.
What is a true versus pseudohermaphrodite?
pseudohermaphroditism, a condition in which the individual has a single chromosomal and gonadal sex but combines features of both sexes in the external genitalia, causing doubt as to the true sex. Female pseudohermaphroditism refers to an individual with ovaries but with secondary sexual characteristics or external …
What are the causes of pseudohermaphrodite?
External genitalia is musculinized congenitally when female fetus is exposed to excess androgenic environment. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), mostly 21-hydroxylase deficiency, is the most common cause. Maternal androgen excess due to maternal ovarian tumor or drug intake also causes female pseudohermaphroditism.
What is a person that has both sexes?
hermaphroditism, the condition of having both male and female reproductive organs.
Can intersex people reproduce?
If an intersex person has a uterus, they may be able to carry a pregnancy. If they have ovaries or ovotestes, that tissue could be used for reproduction in some cases. Some intersex people do have ovaries, a uterus, and a vagina, and could get pregnant by contact with sperm.
What is true hermaphroditism?
True hermaphroditism (TH) refers to individuals who have both unequivocal ovarian tissue and testicular elements regardless of their karyotypes; whereas mixed gonadal dysgenesis (MGD) refers to individuals who usually have a differentiated gonad on one side and a streak gonad or streak testis on the other side.
What are the different types of hermaphroditism?
There are four different types of hermaphroditism, as follows:
- 46, XX hermaphroditism.
- 46, XY hermaphroditism.
- True gonadal hermaphroditism.
- Complex hermaphroditism.
Is hermaphrodite considered a gender?
No. The mythological term “hermaphrodite” implies that a person is both fully male and fully female. This is a physiologic impossibility. The words “hermaphrodite” and “pseudo-hermaphrodite” are stigmatizing and misleading words.
What does a hermaphrodite person look like?
a penis that’s smaller than expected. no vaginal opening. a penis without a urethra opening at the tip (the opening might instead be on the underside) labia that are closed or otherwise resemble a scrotum.
Do intersex females have periods?
Mostly, it depends on the sexual and reproductive organs an individual is born with, whether they will have periods or not. If an intersex person is born with a functioning uterus, ovaries, and a vagina, most likely that person will start menstruating at puberty.
Are hermaphrodites born sterile?
Intersex individuals, formerly known as hermaphrodites, have genetic, gonadal or anatomic characteristics that range from mostly male with some female features to the reverse. Some, but not all, intersex adults are infertile. The most obvious intersex diagnoses are made in infants born with ambiguous-looking genitalia.
Which is the best definition of a pseudohermaphrodite?
Pseudohermaphrodite refers to someone whose external genitalia are not consistent with his or her gonadal sex. A male pseudohermaphrodite, for example, has a 46XY karyotype and testes but has either ambiguous genitalia or a complete female phenotype.
Can a woman have pseudohermaphroditism while on progestin?
If a woman is administered a progestin during pregnancy, which used to be a fairly common practice to prevent miscarriage, the female fetus can exhibit female pseudohermaphroditism with symptoms similar to those of CAH. This is because some synthetic progestins have androgenic activity.
When to use amniocentesis for female pseudohermaphroditism?
Female pseudohermaphroditism is a diagnostic problem if the patient is the proband for the family. If a sibling already has the disease, the level of awareness for this autosomal disorder will be high. Amniocentesis with cytogenetic analysis for the genetic defect allows early prenatal diagnosis.
How does placental aromatase deficiency cause female pseudohermaphroditism?
Female pseudohermaphroditism due to placental aromatase deficiency, which has been reported by several investigators, illustrates the critical role of placental aromatization in protecting the fetus from excess androgen exposure. A defect in the placental conversion of androgens to estrogens causes virilization in female offspring.