What does NR mean in classical conditioning?

Once the neutral stimulus elicits a conditioned response, the neutral stimulus becomes known as a conditioned stimulus. The conditioned response is the same as the unconditioned response, but occurs in the presence of the conditioned stimulus rather than the unconditioned stimulus.

What is an example of a classically conditioned response?

For example, the smell of food is an unconditioned stimulus, a feeling of hunger in response to the smell is an unconditioned response, and the sound of a whistle when you smell the food is the conditioned stimulus. The conditioned response would be feeling hungry when you heard the sound of the whistle.

What are the four types of classical conditioning?

What are the four stages of classical conditioning?

  • Unconditioned stimulus. This is the thing that triggers an automatic response.
  • Unconditioned response.
  • Conditioned stimulus.
  • Conditioned response.
  • Extinction.
  • Generalization.
  • Discrimination.

Is potty training classical conditioning?

This is essentially the process used by cultures from Vietnam to the African savanna and uses the psychological tactic of classical conditioning. The idea is to basically train a child to use the bathroom on command by connecting a strong stimulus with the desired response of eliminating in a toilet.

What are some examples of classical conditioning in the classroom?

Classical Conditioning in the Classroom For example, if a student is bullied at school they may learn to associate the school with fear. It could also explain why some students show a particular dislike of certain subjects that continue throughout their academic career.

What is UCR in classical conditioning?

Unconditional response (UCR): In classical conditioning, a response, such as salivation, that is naturally elicited by the USC. Conditional stimulus (CS): In classical conditioning, a stimulus which, because of its repeated association with the UCS, eventually elicits a conditional response (CR).

What is CS and UCS and CR?

An unconditioned stimulus (UCS), always elicits an uncondtioned response (UCR). When the conditioned stimulus (CS) is paired over and over again with an unconditioned stimulus (UCS), it eventually elicits a response, equivalent to an unconditioned response (UCR), that is now a conditioned response (CR).

Is using an alarm clock classical conditioning?

This is rooted in classical conditioning, which is when a conditioned stimulus (alarm tone) is preceded by an unconditioned stimulus (wake up). So our brain associates the sound of our alarm clock with waking up, and because this is in somewhat of a startling way, it puts a lot of stress on our body.

How many types of classical conditioning are there?

In order to understand how more about how classical conditioning works, it is important to become familiar with the basic principles of the process. Classical conditioning involves forming an association between two stimuli resulting in a learned response. 4 There are three basic phases of this process.

What are some examples of classical conditioning in infants?

The infant can become conditioned to the nipple (now a conditioned stimulus, CS) so that sucking occurs as soon as the baby sees a nipple (now a conditioned response, CR). Little Albert was conditioned to be afraid of white rats. Learning is based on the relationship between one’s own behavior and reward or punishment.

Which is an example of classical conditioning in real life?

In this overview article, we’ve explained what exactly is classical conditioning using real-life examples. In the 1890s, a Russian physiologist named Ivan Pavlov did experiments on the digestive response in dogs, which led to one of the most important discoveries in psychology — classical conditioning.

How is the neutral signal used in classical conditioning?

Classical Conditioning Basics. It’s important to note that classical conditioning involves placing a neutral signal before a naturally occurring reflex. In Pavlov’s classic experiment with dogs, the neutral signal was the sound of a tone and the naturally occurring reflex was salivating in response to food.

How is the sound of a bell used in classical conditioning?

After being paired repeatedly with food (US), the sound of the bell (NS), a previously neutral stimulus, could cause the dogs to salivate (CR) by itself. Normally, for classical conditioning to occur, the conditioned stimulus needs to be presented before the unconditioned stimulus.

When does an extinction occur in classical conditioning?

Extinction is when the occurrences of a conditioned response decrease or disappear. In classical conditioning, this happens when a conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with an unconditioned stimulus. 6 

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