Contents
What causes oligomerization?
Oligomerization is predominantly observed in vitro during crystallization, probably due to the high protein concentration, as well as by other factors like pH or ionic strength of the solution.
What is an oligomeric state?
In chemistry and biochemistry, an oligomer (/əˈlɪɡəmər/ ( listen)) is a molecule that consists of a few similar or identical repeating units which could be derived, actually or conceptually, from copies of a smaller molecule, its monomer. The name is composed from Greek elements oligo-, “a few” and -mer, “parts”.
Is oligomer a monomer?
In other words, oligomer is a molecule that consists of a few monomer units. Dimers, trimers, and tetramers are, for example, oligomers respectively composed of two, three, and four monomers.
Why do proteins Oligomerize?
Protein oligomerization may be an advantageous feature from the perspective of protein evolution for a number of reasons, including new opportunities for functional control, such as allosteric regulation and the establishment of higher-order complexity.
What does oligomerization mean in biology?
Oligomerization is a chemical process that converts monomers to macromolecular complexes through a finite degree of polymerization. Telomerization is an oligomerization carried out under conditions that result in chain transfer, limiting the size of the oligomers.
What does it mean if a protein is oligomeric?
Introduction. Oligomeric proteins, by definition, are composed of more than one subunit (polypeptide chain). As such, they possess a quaternary structure, generally considered to be the highest level of organization within the protein structural hierarchy.
What is an oligomer protein?
Oligomeric proteins, by definition, are composed of more than one subunit (polypeptide chain). As such, they possess a quaternary structure, generally considered to be the highest level of organization within the protein structural hierarchy.
What is the difference between dimer and oligomer?
is that oligomer is (chemistry) a compound intermediate between a monomer and a polymer, normally having a specified number of units between about five and a hundred while dimer is (chemistry) a molecule consisting of two identical halves, formed by joining two identical molecules, sometimes with a single atom acting …
Why do proteins dimerize?
Not only can dimerization increase the binding affinity for DNA through cooperativity but, by doubling the length of the DNA site bound by the protein, it can also markedly increase binding specificity. Protein oligomerization is particularly important for the assembly of protein complexes involved in gene expression.
What is monomeric protein?
Monomeric proteins are protein molecules that combine to form multi-protein complexes. Biopolymers are polymers made up of organic monomers found in living organisms.
What is a Homomeric protein?
Referring to a protein made up of two or more identical polypeptide chains. An example would be beta galactosidase (q.v.), which is an aggregate of four identical polypeptides. From: homomeric protein in A Dictionary of Genetics » Subjects: Science and technology — Life Sciences.
What is the difference between oligomer and polymer?
The key difference between oligomer and polymer is that the oligomer forms when few monomers undergo polymerization whereas the polymer forms when a large number of monomers undergo polymerization. Polymers are large macromolecules that contain a large number of repeating units; we call them monomers.
What does a high protein level in urine mean?
If your urine protein levels are consistently high, it may indicate kidney damage or other medical condition. These include: Preeclampsia, a serious complication of pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure.
What happens if you have proteinuria in urine?
Proteins – which help build muscle and bone, regulate the amount of fluid in blood, combat infection and repair tissue – should remain in the blood. If proteins enter the urine they ultimately leave the body, which isn’t healthy. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center.
What should my UACR be for protein in urine?
A normal UACR is less than 30mg/g. If your UACR is 30 mg/g or higher, it can be a sign of kidney disease, and you should ask your doctor if you should have other tests for kidney disease. How do doctors treat protein in the urine?
What to do if you have protein in your urine?
If you have protein in your urine, but you do not have diabetes or high blood pressure, an ACE inhibitor or an ARB may still help to protect your kidneys from further damage. If you have protein in your urine, talk to your doctor about choosing the best treatment option for you. Donate today to help kidney patients.