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Melvin M Tumin: “Social stratification refers to “arrangement of any social group or society into hierarchy of positions that are unequal with regard to power, property, social evaluation and psychic gratification”.
Social stratification refers to differential access to resources, power, autonomy, and status across social groups. Social stratification implies social inequality; if some groups have access to more resources than others, the distribution of those resources is inherently un- equal.
What did Melvin Tumin argue?
Tumin concluded that stratification, by its very nature, can never adequately perform the functions which Davis and Moore assigned to it. He argued that those born into lower strata can never have the same opportunities for realizing their talents as those born into the higher strata.
How social stratification causes inequality?
Society is stratified into social classes based on individuals’ socioeconomic status, gender, and race. Stratification results in inequality when resources, opportunities, and privileges are distributed based on individuals’ positions in the social hierarchy.
What are the inequalities in society?
The major examples of social inequality include income gap, gender inequality, health care, and social class. In health care, some individuals receive better and more professional care compared to others. They are also expected to pay more for these services.
What causes social inequality? Social inequality is the distribution of resources in a society based on power, religion, kinship, prestige, race, ethnicity, gender, age, sexual orientation, and class.
What is the difference between inequality and stratification?
Stratification and inequality are among the most central concepts in sociology, and although related, they are fundamentally distinct: inequality refers to the extent to which resources are distributed unevenly across individuals or between population subgroups, whereas stratification refers to the extent to which …
Why is stratification necessary in the society?
The two major explanations of stratification are the functionalist and conflict views. Functionalist theory says that stratification is necessary and inevitable because of the need to induce people with the needed knowledge and skills to decide to pursue the careers that are most important to society.
Social stratification causes social disparity and many problems as it is an unjust system with monopoly of power and wealth in a particular group. It affects life chances, lifestyles and prestige.
What is the difference between stratification and inequality?
Stratification is systematic and is based on identifiable social processes through which people are sorted into categories such as caste, class, race and gender. Social inequality is a condition in which members of a society have different amount of wealth, prestige and power.
How do social differences lead to social inequality?
Many differences are linked to social categories such as social class, gender, ethnicity, age, religion and disability. They indicate not only different life style decisions but fundamental inequalities of life chances and are responsible for systematic inequalities in income, health and life expectancy.
What are Tumin’s views on social stratification?
According to Davis and Moore the major function of unequal rewards is to motivate talented individuals and allocate them to the functionally most important positions. Tumin reject this view, he argues that social stratification can and often does act as a barrier to the motivation and recruitment of talent.
Who is Malvin m Tumin and what did he do?
Malvin M Tumin was the American sociologist who has done vast researches in race and stratification on class analysis. In 1953, Malvin came up with Principles of Stratification and criticized Davis and Moore ideations on stratification.
What did Melvin Tumin believe about the importance of jobs?
They believed that the rewards attached to a particular job reflect its importance to society. Sociologist Melvin Tumin took issue with Davis and Moore’s theory.
What did Melvin Tumin say about Davis and Moore’s theory?
Sociologist Melvin Tumin took issue with Davis and Moore’s theory. He disagreed with their assumption that the relative importance of a particular job can always be measured by how much money or prestige is given to the people who performed those jobs. That assumption made identifying important jobs difficult.