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How to measure metaphyseal diaphyseal angle?
This angle is measured by drawing a line along the long axis of the tibia, creating a perpendicular to this line, and drawing another line through axial plane of the proximal tibial metaphysis. The angle created between the perpendicular line shown and the metaphyseal line is the metaphyseal diaphyseal angle.
Where is the metaphyseal diaphyseal junction?
MDJ fractures occur in the area proximal to the supracondylar fossae and distal to the intersection of the metaphyseal flange and diaphysis of the humerus.
How is metaphysis measured?
The tibial metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle is measured on an anteroposterior standing radiograph of the knee as follows: 1) draw a line along the longitudinal axis of the tibia (line 1); 2) draw a line through the lateral peaks of the proximal tibial metaphysis (line 2); 3) draw a line perpendicular to line 1 at the …
Where is the tibial metaphysis?
Background: The distal tibial metaphysis is located in the lower (distal) part of the tibia (shin bone). Fractures of this part of the tibia are most commonly due to a high energy injury in young men and to osteoporosis in older women.
How do you do a cover up test?
This test involves covering one eye and holding the occluder for several seconds to suspend fusion, then shifting the occluder to the other eye and rapidly alternating back and forth without allowing the patient to become binocular and being careful to always keep one eye occluded.
Is Blount disease hereditary?
The cause of Blount disease is not well understood; however, a variety of hereditary and genetic factors are likely involved. The condition is more common among certain populations and is associated with obesity and early walking. Treatment may involve bracing and/or surgery.
Where is the metaphyseal fracture?
Metaphyseal fractures are also known as corner fractures, bucket handle fractures or metaphyseal lesions. It refers to an injury to the metaphysis which is the growing plate at each end of a long bone (such as tibia, femur, etc).
What is a diaphyseal fracture?
Abstract. Diaphyseal fractures involving the radius and ulna, so called “both-bone” or “double-bone” forearm fractures are common orthopedic injuries. These injuries can result in significant loss of function if inadequately treated.
What does metaphysis mean?
The metaphysis is the region where the epiphysis joins the diaphysis; in a growing bone this corresponds to the calcified layer of the epiphyseal plate together with the interdigitating bone (see Figure 4.19). The interface between the hypertrophic and calcified layers is sometimes referred to as the tidemark.
What is a metaphyseal corner fracture?
What is the cover up test?
The ‘cover up’ test qualitatively assesses the alignment of the proximal portion of the shank or lower leg relative to the thigh or upper leg. Obvious valgus alignment is considered a negative test and is indicative of physiologic bowing.
Are there articular fractures in the distal tibial metaphysis?
Extra-articular fractures of the distal tibial metaphysis, metadiaphyseal junction and adjacent diaphysis are distinct in their management from impaction derived “pilon”-type fractures and mid-diaphyseal fractures.
How is The diaphyseal angle of a tibia measured?
Metaphyseal diaphyseal angle. The metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle (of Drennan) is an important measurement used to distinguish between tibia vara ( Blount disease) and physiological bowleg . This angle is measured by drawing a line along the long axis of the tibia, creating a perpendicular to this line, and drawing another line through axial plane…
How is the flare of a distal metadiaphyseal fracture treated?
In distal metadiaphyseal fractures, the flare of the metaphysis, allows a “windscreen wiper” action of the distal fragment. Initial reduction of the fracture may often be achieved with gentle manipulation and traction by an assistant, with or without the use of percutaneously placed pointed reduction forceps.
How does diaphysis give way to distal metaphysis?
As the diaphysis gives way to the distal metaphysis, the triangular cross-section becomes more circular, this means that intramedullary devices only develop an interference fit in the central few centimetres. 5 The diaphyseal cortical bone is thicker than in the metaphysis, making screw fixation in the diaphysis more secure.